In 1808 Parliament directed that large areas of the Forest of Dean be enclosed in order to satisfy an increased demand for naval timber. Unable to compete with the outside industrialists, and denied their ancient rights to collect timber, or graze animals in the enclosed areas, many Foresters descended into abject poverty. Unrest grew, and Warren James emerged as a populist leader. In 1831 he led a group of up to 3,000 Foresters in open revolt against the Crown, tearing down around 60 miles of fencing in an attempt to retake possession of the enclosures. Warren James was tried and sentenced to death, though this was commuted to transportation to Tasmania. He was pardoned five years later, but unable to return home, he died in Hobart in 1841 - Wikipedia.